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51.
中间锦鸡儿(Caragana liouana)是中国毛乌素沙地的主要灌木建群种,在其主要分布区采集9个不同地理种源的种子,栽种至同质园,并测定不同器官(根、茎、叶)碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量,比较种源和器官间碳氮磷化学计量特征的差异及元素之间的相关性。结果显示:(1)不同种源中间锦鸡儿根、茎、叶的C含量差异显著,分别为361.12~426.30mg·g~(-1)、412.32~463.13mg·g~(-1)、419.21~478.94mg·g~(-1);N含量种源间差异显著,分别为20.52~33.67mg·g~(-1)、15.77~23.92mg·g~(-1)、27.60~36.44mg·g~(-1);P含量种源间差异显著,分别为1.52~3.73mg·g~(-1)、1.24~2.14mg·g~(-1)、1.44~2.38mg·g~(-1);不同器官的C/N、C/P、N/P也表现出种源间显著差异。(2)种源和器官对中间锦鸡儿碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响程度存在差异,种源对P、C/P、N/P影响较大,器官对C、N、C/N影响较大。(3)相关性分析表明,N、P分别对C/N和C/P的变异起主导作用,并共同影响N/P的变异。研究表明,中间锦鸡儿的碳氮磷化学计量特征在长期的适应进化过程中已产生遗传分化,并形成了自身的养分利用策略。 相似文献
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大中型食肉动物肇事事件导致人类与野生动物关系恶化,给生物多样性保护工作带来巨大的挑战。若尔盖湿地是我国三大湿地之一,湿地、草原分布广泛,生物多样性丰富,畜牧业发达,但近年来狼(Canis lupus)捕杀牲畜的肇事事件时有发生。为了解若尔盖野生狼肇事件的空间分布以及牧民对人-狼冲突管理的看法,本研究于2022年对若尔盖县13个乡镇83个行政村进行走访调查。结果表明:(1)多数受访者(66.0%)认为在过去5年内,若尔盖县野生狼数量有所增加;(2)狼肇事事件具有明显的空间分异性,最严重的是包座乡。包座乡临近山区,该区域牧场面积广阔、牧民饲养牲畜数量多等原因导致该镇发生狼肇事事件较多;(3)对于狼肇事,绝大多数牧民(85.0%)更希望采取经济补偿或者驱赶措施,只有少数牧民(9.4%)希望采取捕杀的措施;(4)影响牧民对狼肇事管理措施的偏好因子中,受教育程度、年龄、民族以及被杀牲畜数量有显著影响。建议加强狼种群监测管理,采取措施减少狼捕杀牲畜,优化补偿机制,缓解当地牧民与狼之间的矛盾。本研究为当前若尔盖县野生动物保护和管理决策提供了依据,对其他地区大型食肉动物与当地居民冲突管理具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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JF Yuan SJ Zhang O Jafer RA Furlong OE Chausiaux CA Sargent GH Zhang NA Affara 《BMC microbiology》2009,9(1):246
Background
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alphaherpesviruses whose native host is pig. PRV infection mainly causes signs of central nervous system disorder in young pigs, and respiratory system diseases in the adult. 相似文献58.
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This study investigated the role of the invasive mallow Lavatera arborea in the terrestrial ecosystem of a flourishing seabird island in SE New Zealand using natural abundance stable isotope ratios (13C/12C; 15N/14N, reported as δ13C and δ15N). Foliage samples of L. arborea came from transects encompassing three distinct environments (plateau, slope, storm-washed flat) across the island. Samples of potential marine nutrient sources (beach-cast kelp; seabirds using the island) were also collected, to contextualise the L. arborea data. Samples of invertebrate taxa (exotic and indigenous) from multiple ecosystem guilds were hand-collected; a bee, a sap-sucking Homoptera, a litter-feeding tenebrionid beetle, various carrion-feeding flies, a predatory carabid beetle, a salticid spider, and (from a seabird cadaver) Dermestes sp. exuviae. Discarded skins from the gecko Hoplodactylus maculatus were collected from moulting sites. Highly enriched δ15N values showed that L. arborea from all three environments utilised seabird N, even though breeding seabirds were absent from the storm-washed flat. The isotopic signatures of the Homoptera, and the tenebrionid and carabid beetles could be accounted for entirely by food webs based on L. arborea. Bee and salticid spider isotopic signatures could be accounted for by varying contributions from L. arborea. The flies and Dermestes were (as expected) linked to carrion from either the island or the adjacent mainland. In contrast, gecko data indicated direct dependence on seabirds, although the exact relationship was unclear. Our study therefore showed that L. arborea is an integral part of the terrestrial ecosystem of the island across multiple trophic levels from pollinators to top-level predators. 相似文献
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Hayashi AA Webb J Choi J Baker C Lino M Trigatti B Trajcevski KE Hawke TJ Adeli K 《American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology》2011,301(2):G326-G337
Intestinal lipid dysregulation is a common feature of insulin-resistant states. The present study investigated alterations in gene expression of key proteins involved in the active absorption of dietary fat and cholesterol in response to development of insulin resistance. Studies were conducted in two diet-induced animal models of insulin resistance: fructose-fed hamster and high-fat-fed mouse. Changes in the mRNA abundance of lipid transporters, adenosine triphosphate cassette (ABC) G5, ABCG8, FA-CoA ligase fatty acid translocase P4, Niemann-Pick C1-Like1 (NPC1L1), fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4), and Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SR-BI), were assessed in intestinal fragments (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) using quantitative real-time PCR. Of all the transporters evaluated, SR-B1 showed the most significant changes in both animal models examined. A marked stimulation of SR-B1 expression was observed in all intestinal segments examined in both insulin-resistant animal models. The link between SR-BI expression and intestinal lipoprotein production was then examined in the Caco-2 cell model. SR-B1 overexpression in Caco-2 cells increased apolipoprotein B (apoB) 100 and apoB48 secretion, whereas RNAi knock down of SR-B1 decreased secretion of both apoB100 and apoB48. We also observed changes in subcellular distribution of SR-B1 in response to exogenous lipid and insulin. Confocal microscopy revealed marked changes in SR-BI subcellular distribution in response to both exogenous lipids (oleate) and insulin. In summary, marked stimulation of intestinal SR-BI occurs in vivo in animal models of diet-induced insulin resistance, and modulation of SR-BI in vitro regulates production of apoB-containing lipoprotein particles. We postulate that apical and/or basolateral SR-BI may play an important role in intestinal chylomicron production and may contribute to chylomicron overproduction normally observed in insulin-resistant states. 相似文献